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Passage
All the
questions are of multiple choice type. You have to
answer the questions based on the preceding paragraph.
All the questions have the same answer choice. The
choices are as given
below:
(a)
True.
(b)
False.
(c) Cannot Say.
Consider the following
paragraph Researchers
in Mumbai have found that certain types of gallstones
can be dissolved by injecting them with a gasoline
additive in the form of ether. The ether is injected
through a tube directly into the gall bladder. The
one-day treatment works only on cholesterol-based
stones, not those composed largely of calcium. However,
as the cholesterol stones are by far the most common
type, for millions of gallstone sufferers the treatment
should offer a welcome alternative to surgery, the
commonest option in most hospitals. # "It
takes more than one day for ether to dissolve a
calcium-based gallstone". # "Gallstones can
only be dissolved by injections". #
"Gallstones can quickly be cured with
surgery". # "Ether is largely used for
dissolving gallstones". # "Calcium stones can be cured in one
day". # "Hundreds of people contains
calcium stones".
Consider
the following paragraph: My father had no
brothers, but his three sisters are all married and each
has two children. My grandfather has two
sons. # "My father was the only
child". # "I have only one uncle". #
"One of my aunts is a spinster". # "I have six
cousins on my father's side". # "My
grandfather was the only son".
Consider
the following paragraph: In
the Totalitarian days, the words have very much
devalued. In the present day, they are becoming
domestic, that is, the words will be much more devalued.
In that days, the words will be very much effected in
political area. But at present, the words came very
cheap. We can say they come free at cost. # "In
Totalitarian society, words are devalued". #
"Totalitarians will have to come much about words". #
"In the Totalitarian society the words are used for the
political speeches".
Consider the following
paragraph: In
past helicopters were forced to ground or crash because
of the formation of the ice on the rotors and engines. A
new electronic device has been developed which can
detect the water content in the atmosphere and warns the
pilot, if the temperature is below freezing temperature;
about the formation of ice on the rotors and
wings. # "The electronic device can avoid the
formation of ice on the wings". # "There will
be malfunction of rotor and engine because of formation
of ice". # "The helicopters were to be crashed
or
grounded". #
"There is only one device that warns about the formation
of ice".
Consider the following
paragraph:
Human existence is not susceptible of arbitrary division
between consciousness and unconsciousness. The conscious
world invaders and shapes the activities of the
unconscious, while many of the great achievements of
humanity's waking hours where wholly or partly inspired
by dreams. Even if it could argued that dreams precede
experience such a dichotomy could not be drawn, as the
influence of the dreaming on the waking state would
remain unclear, but as yet no common vocabulary exists
to record the substance of prenatal
dreaming. # "Sleep can be a creative
state".
Consider
the following
paragraph: FLORA
3-piece sofa-set is at the top of our upholstery range.
This high-backed quality sofa-set boasts an impressive
specification which starts with a hardwood frame in teak
and a padded front edge ensuring really deep,
long-lasting comfort. Seat cushions are of high
resilience foam and back cushions of softest hollow
fill. The whole set is carefully upholstered throughout
in a choice of superb fabrics ranging from cotton print
to velvet. # "The padding is there to ensure
that the furniture will last for a long
time". # "The firm sells other upholstery
furniture".
Consider
the following paragraph: Hacking
is a crime made possible by a relatively new technology,
which is one of the reasons it is often poorly
understood and reported. Many computers, but by no means
all, are now linked together in networks which allow
users on one computer to communicate with others on the
same network. If a computer is not networked, no
manipulation of its data from another machine possible.
So long as users are authorized, networking is just a
way of making work easier more productive. Hacking, on
the other hand is the unauthorized use of networks or
unauthorized entry into the computers themselves. Most
people do not break into the networks they use, since
they are already accredited users. # "Hackers
do not work for the firms whose networks they break
into". # "Hacking is the only vulnerability
of the computers for the usage of the
data". # "Hacking is done mostly due to the
lack of computer knowledge".
Consider
the following paragraph: Polycythemia
often occurs in people who have chronic lung disease,
but can appear spontaneously in healthy individuals.
Excessive numbers of red blood cells manufactured by the
body and the individual then develops a very
healthy-looking, ruddy complexion. The blood becomes
thicker and is liable to clot and block major blood
vessels. High blood pressure is another frequent
complication. Treatment involves venesection, in which a
liter or so of blood is removed from the body.
Medication may also be given to reduce the numbers of
red blood cells manufactured in the body. #
"Lung disease frequently precedes
polycythemia".
Consider
the following
paragraph: Bindweed
is only effectively controlled by applying a solution of
brushwood-killer to the growing tips. It is necessary to
unwind a suitable length from the host plant before
treatment, but this is not so very difficult, and it
does not seem essential to find and treat every leader
on the same weed. The solution should be made up in a
can which is carried in one hand, while the other, in a
rubber glove, inserts the leaders in the can. If the the
leaders can be laid out on the the ground , they can
easily be wetted with a small brush. As long as the
weather is calm, there is no real risk of damage to
adjacent plants, and in two or three weeks the weeds
should have disappeared. #
"Brushwood-killer can pose a threat to other plants in
the garden".
Consider
the following
paragraph:
Senior managers in a leading company said that new
Japanese investment in India was transforming the car
industry, and warned that jobs were under threat from
Japanese competition. They stated that increasing
competition would be coupled with an inevitable downturn
in the car market and the recent rise interest rates
which has already hit demand. # "The managers
issued their warning after a rise in the interest
rates". # "According to the senior managers,
the Japanese investment in India will lead to a glut in
the car market". # "Some senior managers said
that more people will want to by new cars in the
future". # "The perception of the senior
managers is the new Japanese investment in India is
leading to more automation
of the
car industry". # "The increased rate of
interest will mean that Japanese firms will cease to
operate in this country". # "The increase in
loan interest will adversely affect car
sales". # "Japanese workers are taking over
the jobs of Indian
industry". # "Managers said that
interests in car will go down after seeing the raise in
interest rates". # "People are very interested to buy
the cars".
Consider
the following paragraph:
The new Starfire has an advanced four-cylinder engine
with catalytic converter and uses only unleaded petrol.
Versatility is a major feature of the range and the 1500
and 1800 models have the same high level of
specification inside and out. The only obvious visual
difference, internally and externally, is the use of
alloy wheels on the 1800 version, together with a
discreet change in badging. The StarFire 2000 is
distinguished by its tailgate spoiler and the
rectangular fog and driving lamps integrated into the
front bumper which are also included in the
specification. # "Internally, the
Starfire 2000 looks like the 1500 model".
Consider
the following
paragraph: Pierre
Claude Jean Allouez explored lake superior from 1665 to
1667. At his little mission station near the western end
of the lake, he heard from the Indians of a great river
to the west. Pierre Jacques Marquette determined to
investigate. In 1673, accompanied by Louis Jolliet and
five others, he left St. Ignace mission and ascended the
fox river, which flows into green bay crossed over to
Wisconsin river and followed it to the upper
Mississippi. The party then descended the Mississippi to
the mouth of Arkansas. These Frenchmen were not first
Europeans to sight or travel the Mississippi. De Soto
and Moscoso had done so a century and a half before. The
report of the exploration was rushed back to Quebec,
where, in 1672, Count Frontenac had arrived as Governor
of the province. He and his friend, the remarkable La
Salle-who earlier may have penetrated the Ohio river
valley-listened with deep interest. # "Allouez
explored the western end of lake superior". #
"Marquette and his party were not the first French men
to travel the Mississippi river". # "La Salle
listened with deep interest- the report of exploration
of De Soto and Moscoso". # "La Salle explored
the Mississippi river valley".
Consider
the following paragraph:
Dr. Goddard was the first to fire a rocket that reached
a speed faster than the speed of sound. He was the first
to develop a gyroscopic steering apparatus for rockets.
He was the first to use vanes in the jet stream for
rocket stabilization during the initial phase of a
rocket flight. And he was the first to patent the idea
of step rockets. After proving on paper and in actual
tests that a rocket can travel in vacuum, he developed
the mathematical theory of rocket propulsion and rocket
flight, including basic designs for long-range rockets.
All of this information was available to our military
men before World War II, but evidently its immediate use
didn't seem applicable. Near the end of World War II we
started intense work on rocket-powered guided missiles,
using the experiments and developments of Dr. Goddard
and the American Rocket Society. # "The
stabilization problem of rockets in the initial phase
was solved by Dr. Goddard." # "Rockets can
travel faster than sound, thanks to gyroscopic
steering." # "Goddard lived before World War
II". #
"After careful mathematical calculations, Dr. Goddard
proved that rockets can travel in vacuum".
Consider
the following paragraph: In
March 1513, de Leon sailed off confidently from Peuto
Rico for the Bahamas. Landing briefly at San Salvador,
Bahamas, he wound through unchartered islands until he
sighted an extensive coastline. He had no reason to
suspect that it is anything more than an island, but he
followed the coast for a day without rounding its end or
finding a suitable landing place. He named the "island"
La Florida. This name came to be applied by the Spanish
to the entire Southeastern United States and beyond.
Then, near the 30th parallel, de Leon landed at the
mouth of the St. Johns river. Determined to be the first
to circumnavigate the "island", he turned south, traced
the coast around the tip of the peninsula, moved to the
west, perhaps reaching Tampa bay. After 7 weeks, he gave
up hope of circling the northern tip of this "island";
it was incredibly large and he may have suspected that
he had discovered the long sought mainland. If so, it
all belonged to his King, for he had earlier planted the
Spanish flag and claimed Florida for
Ferdinand. # "de Leon is from Spain, ruled by
Ferdinand". # "de Leon is very
patriotic". # "de Leon discovered part of US
during his journey".
Consider
the following paragraph: James
Madison understood that interests groups will inevitably
develop within a free political system. The problem, as
Madison saw it, was to prevent any single interest group
from becoming so strong that it was able to dominate the
political system. This could be accomplished by
legislating restrictions on political behavior, but that
solution meant a sacrifice of some of the freedom that
Madison prized so highly. A better solution, he thought,
was to extend the territorial scope of the government.
This would allow for greater diversity of interests in
the nation, and a greater number of groups competing for
power. Each interest group would thereby find it more
difficult to appeal to a majority of the people, and to
dominate the political process. # "The more
interest groups there are in a political system, the
less freedom there is for everyone." #
"Legislating restrictions on political behavior is
sometimes the only method of preserving political
freedom." # "Increasing the territorial scope
of a government can help to preserve
freedom." # "According to Madison, in a free
political system, interest groups are
undesirable."
Consider
the following
paragraph:
The regulations and expenses to invent, patent and
market new ideas and products imposes a heavy burden on
inventors. The cost is often absorbed by large
corporations with research and development facilities
they provide. Corporations also help creative people
contribute to society without suffering the loss of
income or security of the private inventor. The
realities of this arrangement are that many good ideas
are never brought into the marketplace and the cost of
products on the market is high because of the
development cost. However, protection provided by the
patents and the safety to the public to avoid placing
harmful products on the market is important to maintain.
Thus, as is often the case, rules and regulations have
their favorable and unfavorable
consequences. # "The regulations and expenses
to invent, patent and market new ideas is an expensive
proposition to the inventors". # "Good ideas
are never brought into the marketplace because of the
costs involved in inventing, patenting
marketing them". # "Corporations
steal the individual inventor of their
inventions".
Consider
the following
paragraph:
Being born female and black were two handicaps Gwendolyn
Brooks states that she faced from her birth, in 1917, in
Kansas. Brooks was determined to succeed. Despite the
lack of encouragement she received from her teachers and
others, she was determined to write and found the first
publisher for one of her poems when she was 11. In 1945,
she marketed and sold her first book; national
recognition ensued. She applied for and received grants
and fellowships from such organizations as the AAAL and
the Guggenheim Foundation. Later she received the
Pulitzer prize for poetry; she was the first black woman
to receive such an honor. Brooks' reaction to fame is
atypical. She continues to work and work hard. She
writes, travels, and helps many who are interested in
writing. Especially important for her is increasing her
knowledge of her black heritage and encouraging other
people to do the same. She encourages dedication to the
art to would-be writers. # "Brooks' story
illustrates the power of strong
determination". # "She became the author of a
book in her teens". # "Gwendolyn received the
Pulitzer prize for her first poetry".
Consider
the following
paragraph: A
cave is a natural opening in the ground extending beyond
the zone of light and large enough to permit the entry
of man. Occurring in a wide variety of rock types and
caused by widely differing geological processes, caves
range in size from single small rooms to interconnecting
passages many miles long. The scientific study of caves
is called speleology. It is a composite science based on
geology, hydrology, biology and archeology, and thus
holds special interest for earth scientists. Caves have
been natural attractions since prehistoric times.
Prolific evidence of early man's interest has been
discovered in caves scattered throughout the world.
Skeletons of some of the earliest manlike creatures
(Australopithecines) have been discovered in cave
deposit in South Africa, and the first evidence of
primitive Neanderthal man was found in Germany.
Cro-Magnon man created his remarkable murals on the
walls of caves in France. # "Primitive human
form originated in Germany". # "Study of caves
is the study of earth, water, life and early
man". # "Cro-Magnon man was more intelligent
than Neanderthal man". # "Caves are a natural
attraction because they reveal information about the
early man".
Consider
the following
paragraph:
Although invaders represent the threat to the
conservation of flora and fauna, there are two special
cases in which invasion have been deliberately brought
about. One is the desire to control pests by natural
predators, which may have to be brought from other
countries. The second is releasing organisms into the
wild (or on to farms, from which they might escape) that
are completely novel, because they have been genetically
engineered. There is nothing intrinsically sinister
about engineered organisms, but any novelty must be
regarded as potential invader. # "Pests are
more dangerous than their natural predators".
Consider
the following
paragraph:
Life in colonial times was harsh, and the refinements of
the mother country were ordinarily lacking. The
colonists, however, soon began to mold their English
culture into the fresh environment of new land. The
influence of religion permeated the entire way of life.
In most Southern colonies, the Anglican church was the
legally established church. In New England, the Puritans
were dominant; and in Pennsylvania, the Quakers.
Especially in the New England colonies, the local or
village church was the hub of community life; the
authorities strictly enforced the Sabbath and sometimes
banished non-believers. Unfortunately, the same sort of
religious intolerance, bigotry and superstition
associated with the age of Reformation in Europe also
prevailed in some of the colonies, though on a lesser
scale. In the last half of the 17th century, during
sporadic outbreak of religious fanaticism and hysteria,
Connecticut authorities tried and hanged several women
as "witches". Early in the 17th century, some other
witchcraft persecution occurred in Virginia. As the
decades passed, however, religious tolerance developed
in colonies. # "New England was part of the
Southern
colonies". #
"During the mid 17th century there was significant
improvement in religious tolerance and
superstition". # "Life in colonial times was
harsh due to the strong influence of
religion". # "The Anglican church used to
govern the people in most Southern
colonies".
Consider
the following paragraph:
Confucius said that to know the future we have to
understand the past. in his time, transport,
communications and scientific knowledge were less
developed than they are today. news took weeks to travel
whereas today satellite links connect the continents
virtually instantaneously, but our technological
advances in the field of communications seem not to
improved our capacity to understand one
another. # "We understand each other better
now than in Confucius' time because we can travel more
quickly". # "In Confucius' day people were
more intelligent". # "We have made great
improvements in transport since Confucius'
day". # "Technological advances in
communication and human capacity to understand one
another are directly
proportional". # "In Confucius' day time news
took months to travel". # "According to
Confucius the past has a linkage to the
future". # "Even with the fast developments
of the technology we can't live
happily".
Consider
the following paragraph: Every
form of art is protected by copyright, upon the
expiration of which the property passes to the public
domain and becomes freely available to anyone wishing to
exploit it commercially. the time has come when all
treasures should pass to the control of a trust, and by
this be made readily available to anyone on payment of a
fee or royalty. The income from the works Van Gogh would
alone be enormous. Those who now gain financial benefit
from his genius should make some contribution to the
welfare of the arts in general. # "Instead of
buying a ticket, museum goers should pay a fee to a
trust for the benefit of arts". # "It is not
desirable to pass the control of treasures to a
trust". # "Van Gogh's paintings are not
protected by
copyright". #
"All artworks must be managed by a trust, so that the
income generated can be used for the welfare of the
arts". # "Copyright in art is valid only for a
limited period of time". # "Van Gogh's
descendants should be asked to make some contribution to
the arts". # "Van Gogh's works are under this
copy right rule". # "People are free to go to
the public because of the copy right
rule". # "People gives to theater and
collect the money for
development". # "We have asked the Van Gogh
descendants to help for the developments of
art".
Consider
the following paragraph:
Organizing the home can be perceived as conferring
power, so large numbers of women are unwilling to let go
of chores, even when they have careers. A survey found
that, out of 65 new marriages, not one single wife
expected her husband to share work equally. According to
the Family Policy Studies Center, 81% of working wives
return home to do all the cooking. The average male has
nearly half as much as more free time at weekends than
his wife, and the typical new father spends just 37
seconds a day talking to his baby. # "Only
career women perceive organizing the home as conferring
power". # "The average wife has half as much
free time at weekends as her husband". # "The
family planning studies center shows that 81% working
wives do all the cooking at home". # "19%
working wives do not want to do the cooking at
home". # "Housewives want the husbands to
take part equally in the
household". # "Wives have half as much leisure
time as the husbands have". # "39% of the men will work equally
in the house in cleaning and
washing".
Consider
the following paragraph:
Statistics show that millions of vehicles have been
carried by shuttle over the past 30 years through Alpine
tunnels without one ever catching fire. In the Alpine
tunnels, drivers and passengers sit in their vehicles on
the shuttle trains. Only one vehicle has ever caught
fire on the busy French motorail equivalent system. This
sort of accident is not possible in a closed shuttle.
Assertion that a vehicle fire will lead to catastrophe
have no basis. Since the resources exist to detect,
control and extinguish a fire, and to remove any persons
present safely to an adjoining wagon, leaving any
surviving fire facing rapid extinction within a wagon
built to contain fire for 30 minutes, catastrophe seems
very unlikely. # " It is theoretically
possible for a vehicle to catch fire even in a closed
wagon". # " The French motorail system is
inferior to the shuttle train
system." # "No accident can occur in the
closed tunnels". # "Fire is allowed to live for 30
min". # "All the cars that travel in the
tunnels will be carried by rail shutters".
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