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Bhopal is the capital city of the state of Madhya Pradesh, a center state of India.
The
city is also referred to as the City of Lakes
because of dozen of lakes all over Bhopal with two most beautiful lakes that are
situated in the center of the city.
Bhopal is also known for its gardens and greenery. Gardens are omnipresent in
Bhopal and greenery is said to be the hallmark of this lake city. It is also
known for its comfortable roads especially in MP.
Apart from its natural beauty, Bhopal is also famous for
its mosques. The Taj-ul-Masjid in Bhopal is the largest mosque of India. Bhopal
is also known, sadly, for the largest industrial disaster or The Union
Carbide Gas Tragedy, which struck it in 1984.
BRIEF HISTORY
Bhopal is built on the
11th century city of Bhojapal, founded by the legendary Raja
Bhoj, situated
around 2 artificial lakes, Upper and Lower Lakes, also constructed
by Raja Bhoj. Bhopal got its name from Bhojpal with a combination of Raja
Bhoj's name and a dam, pal, constructed around the lakes by Raja Bhoj.
The region witnessed a power struggle between local rulers and the Mughals, with
the latter taking over. The decline of the Mughal Empire with the death of
Aurangzeb (AD 1707) led to political turmoil in this region. The small princely
state of Bhopal and the present-day city was founded by an Afghan soldier
Dost Mohammad in 1723.
It was the second largest Muslim state during the rise of British power in
India. It aligned itself with the British, in their fight against the Marathas,
in 1817. At the time of India's independence in 1947, Bhopal remained a separate
state, until 1949, when it acceded to India.
Bhopal today presents a multi-faceted profile; the old city with its
teeming market places and fine old mosques and palaces still bear the
aristocratic imprint of its former rulers. Equally impressive is the new city
with its verdant, exquisitely laid out parks and gardens, broad avenues and
streamlined modern edifices.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Bhopal has a number of
tourist attractions:
Bharat Bhawan: One of the most unique national institutes in India,
Bharat
Bhawan is a centre for the performing and visual art. Designed by the renowned
architect Charles Correa, the contours of Bharat Bhawan merge in
exquisite harmony with the landscape creating a visual impact of spacious and
national elegance. The centre houses a museum of the arts, an art gallery, a
workshop for fine arts, a repertory theater, indoor and outdoor auditoria and
libraries of Indian poetry, classical and folk music. Many eminent artistes have
performed here and its directors include many of leading artistes of the
country. Open from 2 pm to 8 pm every day except Mondays.
Upper and Lower Lakes: Famous for its lakes, in-fact christened as "Lake
City", it
has a number of lakes and basically it is known for its lower lake and upper
lake. Upper lake is also a prime source of water supply in the Bhopal region.
The Upper Lake is divided from the Lower by an overbridge and is six sq. km. in
area. Having so many lakes, Bhopal naturally posses one of the best boating
facilities in the country, Boat Clubs at both lower and upper lake are the
centre of attraction and one can easily take a pleasure ride in cool cozy
environs. Madhya Pradesh Tourism's Yacht Club on the Upper and Lower
Lakes provide facilities for exciting trips by sail, paddle and motor boats on
the two lakes. It also has organized many National and International level
Comptition in Kyaking & Kenoing.
Van
Vihar: This
safari-park is located on a hill adjacent to the Upper Lake, with at area of 445
hectares. In these natural surroundings, wildlife watchers can view a variety of
herbivorous and carnivorous species. It had near extinct species of white tigers
and white bears.Open every day except Tuesday, from 7-11 am and 3-5 pm.
Indira Gandhi Manav Sangrahalaya: An
open-air exhibition of tribal house types located on Shamla Hills, the Tribal
Habitat or Manav Sangrahalaya is a presentation of actual-size
dwellings typical of contemporary tribal cultures in various states of India.
The exhibition highlights architectural features and has elaborately displayed
interiors. The surroundings have been reconstructed to match some of the
interesting environmental features of tribal villages.
Regional Science Centre: Basically a science museum, located on the
picturesque Shamla Hills, Regional Science Centre houses about 300
participatory exhibits distributed equally in `Invention' & `Fun Science'
galleries, and a `Taranmandal' (Planetarium).
Aquarium: Facing the Lower lake, the fish-shaped aquarium houses a number
of fascination species of fish in all shapes and sizes.
Government Archaeological Museum: A fine collection of sculptures are on
display here from various parts of Madhya Pradesh. Highlights of the collection
are: paintings of various schools, copies of paintings from the Bagh Caves near
Mandu and the statues of Alakshmi and the Buddha.
Laxminarayan Temple and Museum: Also known as Birla Mandir, this
beautiful temple on the Arera Hills has a museum attached to it which houses a
collection of sculptures from Raisen, Sehore, Mandsour and Shahdol districts of
Madhya Pradesh.
Chowk: In the heart of the old city, the Chowk is lined with old
mosques and havelis, reminders of bygone era. The shops in its narrow alleys are
treasure troves of traditional Bhopali crafts: silver jewellery, exquisitely
fashioned beadwork, embroidered and sequined velvet fashioned purses and
cushions.
Taj-ul Masjid: Commenced by Shah Jehan Begum (1868-1901) but was
incomplete on her death. This
great queen, Bhopal's eight ruler, left many monuments in the city and to her
goes the credit for Bhopal's postal system, railways and waterworks. After her
death, lack of funds prevented the completion of the masajid and construction
was resumed only in 1971. The Taj-ul-Masjid is one of the largest mosques
in India. The most striking features of the mosque are the impressive main hall
with its inter-arched roof, broad façade, spacious courtyard and smooth marble
floors. A three-day famous
Ijtima
congregation held here annually draws people from all over the India and other
countries.
Jama Masjid: Gold spikes crown the minarets of this beautiful mosque,
built in 1837 by Kudsia Begum, situated at center of Chowk.
Moti Masjid: Architecturally akin to Delhi's Jama Masjid, this imposing
mosque was built by Sikandar Jehan, daughter of Kudsia Begum, in 1860.
Shaukat Mahal and Sadar Manzil: Situated at the entrance to
the Chowk area in the heart of the walled city, Shaukat Mahal is an
architectural curiosity. Its mixture of styles in Occidental idioms sets it
apart from the predominantly Islamic architecture of the area. It was designed
by a Frenchman, said to be a descendant of an offshoot of the Bourbon kings of
France. Post-Renaissance and Gothic styles are combined to charming effect here.
Nearby is the elegant once-opulent Sadar Manzil, Hall of Public Audience
of the former rulers of Bhopal.
Gohar
Mahal: Situated
behind Shaukat Mahal on the banks of the Upper Lake is Gohar Mahal,
which is an architectural gem dating back to the times of Kudsia Begum, also
known as Gohar Begum, who built this sprawling palace in 1820. The Mahal is a
magnificent expression of the fusion of Hindu and Mughal architecture.
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